辽东岫岩地区下古生界碎屑锆石定年:罗迪尼亚和冈瓦纳超大陆在华北遗留的痕迹？     

董晓杰  陈煜嵩  刘正宏  徐仲元  沙茜 《岩石学报》2020,36(6):1857-1869

超大陆演化是地质研究的重要内容,华北克拉通与不同地质历史时期超大陆汇聚与裂解的联系对反演华北克拉通构造演化历史具有重要意义。本文在辽吉古元古代造山带中段的原划分为辽河群地层中首次识别出一套早古生代沉积建造。这套沉积建造与华北克拉通以浅海相的碳酸盐岩为主的早古生代沉积并不一致,以发育大量的陆源碎屑沉积为特征。我们对2件细砂岩分别进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS和SHRIMP U-Pb定年。定年结果显示,2件样品的最小年龄分别为～482Ma和～498Ma,反映了它们的最大沉积时代。2件样品的碎屑锆石年龄主要介于1600～500Ma,缺乏亲华北的物源信息,表明它们的物源主要来自于华北之外。2件样品年龄谱中最重要的峰值出现在格林威尔期和泛非期,表明华北克拉通曾与罗迪尼亚超大陆和冈瓦纳大陆存在联系。格林威尔期碎屑锆石可能来自于罗迪尼亚超大陆时期波罗地古陆物质在华北克拉通东缘的再循环;泛非期碎屑锆石可能来自于东冈瓦纳大陆的北缘造山带。  相似文献   

2007-2017年中国沙尘气溶胶的三维分布特征及输送过程     

贾瑞  刘玉芝  吴楚樵  祝清哲  汪兵 《中国沙漠》2019,39(6):108-117

利用最新发布的CALIPSO产品，构建了2007-2017年中国沙尘气溶胶的三维分布，并结合HYSPLIT-4模式和再分析数据，探讨了沙尘的三维输送过程。结果表明：中国的沙尘排放源区主要是塔克拉玛干沙漠和巴丹吉林沙漠，沙尘气溶胶出现频率分别为60%和35%。塔克拉玛干沙漠排放的沙尘主要（50%~70%）停留在源地0~6 000 m高度，少部分向东输送至甘肃和内蒙古；巴丹吉林沙漠排放的沙尘则主要向东输送。中国沙尘排放量在春季最大，向东输送最强；夏季，东亚夏季风限制了沙尘向东输送；秋季，沙尘排放减弱，输送强度和夏季相当；沙尘排放量在冬季最小，输送最弱。夏季，沙尘在输送过程中可被抬升至高度5 000 m以上，春季次之，秋、冬季的沙尘主要在低层大气输送。沙尘在向东输送的过程中被抬升并和当地人为污染物混合变为污染性沙尘，华北地区污染性沙尘出现频率高达30%；输送到海洋的沙尘也会与洋面上（0~3 000 m高度）的海盐气溶胶混合，出现频率约为10%。  相似文献   

东海盆地中、新生代盆架结构与构造演化   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘金水  许怀智  蒋一鸣  王军  何新建 《地质学报》2020,94(3):675-691

基于地貌、钻井、岩石测年和地震等资料,分析盆地地层分布、盆架结构、构造单元划分和裂陷迁移规律,结果表明东海盆地由台北坳陷、舟山隆起、浙东坳陷、钓鱼岛隆褶带和冲绳坳陷构成,是以新生代沉积为主、中生代沉积为辅的大型中、新生代叠合含油气盆地;古元古代变质岩系构成了盆地的基底。该盆地不仅是印度-太平洋前后相继的动力体系作用下形成的西太平洋沟-弧-盆构造体系域一部分,而且也是古亚洲洋动力体系作用下形成的古亚洲洋构造域和特提斯洋动力体系作用下形成的特提斯洋构造域一部分,晚侏罗世至早白垩世经历了构造体制转换,盆地格局发生重大变革,早白垩世以前主要受古亚洲-特提斯洋构造体制影响的强烈挤压造山和地壳增厚作用演变为早白垩世以来主要受太平洋构造体制控制的陆缘伸展裂陷和岩石圈减薄作用,经历侏罗纪古亚洲-特提斯构造体制大陆边缘拗陷和白垩纪以来太平洋构造体制弧后裂陷两大演化阶段。白垩纪以来太平洋构造体制的弧后裂陷演化阶段可细分为早白垩世至始新世裂陷期、渐新世至晚中新世拗陷期和中新世末至全新世裂陷期。  相似文献   

Rainfall intensity affects runoff responses in a semi-arid catchment     

Ze Tao  Min Li  Bingcheng Si  Dyan Pratt 《水文研究》2021,35(4):e14100

The source and hydrochemical makeup of a stream reflects the connectivity between rainfall, groundwater, the stream, and is reflected to water quantity and quality of the catchment. However, in a semi-arid, thick, loess covered catchment, temporal variation of stream source and event associated behaviours are lesser known. Thus, the isotopic and chemical hydrographs in a widely distributed, deep loess, semi-arid catchment of the northern Chinese Loess Plateau were characterized to determine the source and hydrochemical behaviours of the stream during intra-rainfall events. Rainfall and streamflow were sampled during six hydrologic events coupled with measurements of stream baseflow and groundwater. The deuterium isotope (²H), major ions (Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, Ca²⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, and Na⁺) were evaluated in water samples obtained during rainfall events. Temporal variation of ²H and Cl⁻ measured in the groundwater and stream baseflow prior to rainfall was similar; however, the isotope compositions of the streamflow fluctuated significantly and responded quickly to rainfall events, likely due to an infiltration excess, overland dominated surface runoff during torrential rainfall events. Time source separation using ²H demonstrated greater than 72% on average, the stream composition was event water during torrential rainfall events, with the proportion increasing with rainfall intensity. Solutes concentrations in the stream had loglinear relationships with stream discharge, with an outling anomaly with an example of an intra-rainfall event on Oct. 24, 2015. Stream Cl⁻ behaved nonconservative during rainfall events, temporal variation of Cl⁻ indicated a flush and washout at the onset of small rainfall events, a dilution but still high concentration pattern in high discharge and old water dominated in regression flow period. This study indicates rainfall intensity affects runoff responses in a semi-arid catchment, and the stored water in the thick, loess covered areas was less connected with stream runoff. Solute transport may threaten water quality in the area, requiring further analysis of the performance of the eco-restoration project.  相似文献   

Main progress and prospect for China's hydrogeological survey          下载免费PDF全文

WU Ai-min  HAO Ai-bing  GUO Hai-peng  LIU Jing-tao  ZHANG Er-yong  WANG Huang  WANG Xin-feng  WEN Xue-ru  ZHANG Cui-guang 《地下水科学与工程》2020,8(3):195-209

This paper reviewed the main achievements of hydrogeological survey in China, summarized the significant progress of hydrogeological survey over the past decade, and forecasted the key responsibilities for hydrogeological survey in the p14th Five-year Planq. The significant progress includes: China established the 1: 50 000 standard hydrogeological survey system with Chinese characteristics and produced the new generation of high-quality hydrogeological maps; the national groundwater monitoring project was completed and accepted, which marks China taking the leading position in groundwater monitoring internationally; fruitful results were achieved in the national groundwater quality survey, and groundwater quality background values were basically identified and checked; hydrogeological and environmental geological survey was continuously promoted in karst areas and the ecological restoration of rocky desertification achieved remarkable results; China strengthened layer exploration techniques for groundwater, integrating the key and practical techniques of layer exploration and monitoring; the exploration of groundwater in the poverty-stricken regions and old revolutionary base areas were effectively promoted to strongly guarantee the poverty alleviation and drinking water safety; the mystery of desert groundwater was uncovered, making up for the shortage of 1: 250 000 hydrogeological survey in the Badain Jaran Desert; and more efforts were made to conduct survey on the water resources in the basin, and to finish the unified measurement of national-scale groundwater level.  相似文献   

青海省新一代BDS高精度基准服务平台的构建          下载免费PDF全文

李延龙  张生鹏  张永荥 《全球定位系统》2020,45(2):91-97

介绍了青海省新一代北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)高精度基准服务平台.该平台具备用户管理、数据处理、空间环境监控、高精度定位等功能,可以满足系统管理员、行政领导、单位用户和实时动态(RTK)测量用户在内的各种用户的多样化需求,并且遵循了管理标准化、可扩展性强、现势性好、实用性好、安全性强、具有前瞻性等建设原则.  相似文献   

Nanpanjiang basin: A window on the tectonic development of south China during Triassic assembly of the southeastern and eastern Asia     

《Gondwana Research》2020

As the largest siliciclastic sink in the South China block, the Triassic Nanpanjiang basin is generally thought of as a foreland basin related to Indosinian collision between the South China and Indochina blocks. Our basin analysis, spanning an eight years period, provides details of Lopingian to Middle Triassic stratigraphic fill and tectonic subsidence of the basin. Field observation and sedimentological analyses reveal that the basin was not filled by a monotonous turbidite system and suggest instead the development of five primary depositional units constituted by deep-water turbidite systems, mass-transport deposits, condensed drapes, shallow-water isolated carbonate platforms, and volcano-volcaniclastic rocks. The stratigraphic completeness of the basin, the coexistence of widespread but localized carbonate platforms within axially filled deep-water basin, tectonically generated cyclothems of transverse mass-transport deposits along intrabasinal faults and basin fill of extrusive rocks of bimodal composition together apparently call in question the claim that crustal shortening prevailed during the Late Permian to pre-Norian Triassic. Patterns of basin fill, differential tectonic subsidence and very high subsidence rate of the region adjacent to master fault are more closely match the pattern expected for extensional to transtensional basin in a back-arc setting. The crustal extension in the southwestern South China was not consistent with hypothesized Indosinian collision between South China and Indochina blocks, but more likely developed in response to northwestward subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate. Our results, combined with regional considerations, lead to a new model for the Triassic tectonic evolution of South China during Triassic assembly of the southeastern and eastern Asia.  相似文献   

南海南部次表层叶绿素a质量浓度最大值及其影响因子*     

廖秀丽  戴明  巩秀玉  刘华雪  黄洪辉 《热带海洋学报》2018,37(1):45-56

文章分析了2013年南海南部4个季节航次的叶绿素a (Chl a)调查数据, 结果显示: 150m以浅水柱Chl a质量浓度均值分别为早春0.14mg•m^-3、初夏0.12mg•m^-3、初秋0.18mg•m^-3、初冬0.16mg•m^-3。早春和初夏偏低的原因与早春风速小, 初夏水温高, 不利于水体的垂直混合, 限制了深层海水中丰富的营养盐向上层水体补充有关。4个季节中海水次表层Chl a质量浓度最大值层(SCML)均出现在50m和75m, 这两个水层的Chl a质量浓度差异小, 季节变化不大, 平均值变化范围分别为0.24~0.26mg•m^-3和0.22~0.26mg•m^-3。受混合层深度和温跃层上界深度的共同影响, 50m水层Chl a质量浓度主要受制于深层富营养盐海水的向上补充, 75m水层Chl a质量浓度受水温的影响明显。  相似文献   

小兴安岭-张广才岭铁力地区侏罗纪辉绿岩年代学、地球化学、锆石Hf同位素特征及其构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

葛茂卉  张进江  刘恺 《岩石学报》2020,36(3):726-740

小兴安岭-张广才岭地区中生代岩浆活动的成因及动力学背景对于揭示古太平洋的构造演化具有重要意义。本文选取小兴安岭-张广才岭铁力地区出露的辉绿岩墙为研究对象,进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学和锆石Hf同位素等分析,对该基性岩的形成时代、岩石成因、岩浆源区以及形成的大地构造背景进行讨论。研究表明:辉绿岩锆石具有高Th/U比值( 0.3),CL图像显示微弱的振荡环带结构,具有岩浆锆石特征,~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为187±2Ma,即形成于早侏罗世;该岩体主要经历了橄榄石和单斜辉石的分离结晶作用,未遭受明显的地壳混染作用,并且具有Rb、Ba、U、Pb、K和Sr等流体活动元素相对富集,Th、Nb和Ta等非流体活动性元素相对亏损的地球化学特征,暗示其形成于被俯冲流体富集交代的亏损地幔部分熔融,源区可能为尖晶石-石榴石二辉橄榄岩,部分熔融程度约为6%～20%。结合该地区同时代的岩浆岩、变形构造、矿床特征和黑龙江蓝片岩的相关报道,本文认为小兴安岭-张广才岭地区在中生代期间处于活动大陆边缘环境,其岩浆岩的形成主要是由于存在于佳木斯地块和松嫩-小兴安岭地块间的牡丹江洋西向俯冲造成的。  相似文献   

南海蜑螺科一新记录属和一新记录种记述 (软体动物门:腹足纲:珍珠蜑螺目)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈志云  张均龙 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(10):209-211

作者在整理中国科学院海洋生物标本馆馆藏蜑螺科Neritidae标本时，鉴定出产自海南三亚的一新记录属饰纹蜑螺属Vittina Baker，1924和一新记录种：裂蜑螺Vittina pennata（von Born，1778）。文中详细描述了本种的贝壳形态特征，查明了其生活习性和地理分布特点，并与相似种进行了比较和总结。  相似文献